EXPANSION OF PHYLLOXERA TO THE WEST OF UKRAINE. CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES

Abstract

Grape phylloxera (Daktylosphaera vitifoliae Fitch) is an extremely dangerous quarantine invasive species that harms vineyards. Massive reproduction of phylloxera can cause not only a loss of productivity of the grape bush, but also its death.

Climate change, both globally and specifically in Ukraine, creates favorable conditions for the spread of harmful species into areas where they previously did not survive due to harsh conditions. For instance, until about 10-15 years ago, the temperature regime and the absence of large industrial vineyards hindered the spread of grape phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch) in Western Ukraine, except in Transcarpathia. This region has long been familiar with phylloxera due to historical contact with European countries; it was introduced in the 19^th century alongside European grape varieties from France, Hungary, and Austria. Transcarpathian region is a unique winemaking area with a rich history of grape cultivation. The recent emergence of phylloxera in Ivano-Frankivsk and Lviv regions poses a significant threat to vineyards, particularly those cultivated for home use. Homegrown vineyards are particularly vulnerable to phylloxera infestation, as most are of rootstock origin. While it is impossible to stop the spread of phylloxera entirely, a comprehensive range of measures can be taken to address the issue.

The authors of the research conducted a study on the spread of phylloxera in home vineyards in the suburban area of Lviv using an expeditionary method. Phylloxera was detected in a private vineyard in the southern suburbs of Lviv. This article outlines the biological characteristics and harmful effects of phylloxera, discusses the reasons for its rapid spread in home viticulture, and suggests methods for mitigating its spread.