Investigation of the possibility of English ryegrass seeds separating on sieves with rectangular openings
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31734/agroengineering2020.24.063Keywords:
sieve, seeds, English ryegrass, seed sizes, separation, center of gravity, boundary speed, separation qualityAbstract
The work is devoted to the study of the possibility of separation of cereal seeds, in particular, English ryegrass on sieve separators with rectangular openings.
The paper deals with the conditions of separation of seed mixtures on sieve seed cleaning machines by geometric parameters of their components. The main problems and ways to improve the quality of seed mixtures separation are identified.
An analysis of the physical and mechanical properties and morphological features of English ryegrass seeds shows that in the mathematical description of the process of its separation on sieves with rectangular holes, it is advisable to consider individual seeds of the main culture as two ellipsoids, one of which is located inside of the other. This is due to the fact that the seeds of cereals have a protective glume and a relatively small grain and are characterized by a high value of the glume coefficient.
Applying the X-ray analysis of the seeds of the English ryegrass it is possible to establish that grain core takes 60…70% of the whole seed and is displaced to the side opposite to the arista. Also, the results of X-ray have revealed the geometric dimensions of the seed grain of the given crop and develop a method for determining the coordinate of the center of gravity λ of the seed. The values of the investigated coordinate of the center of gravity for English ryegrass seeds are within λ = 2.8… 3.7 mm, and its average value is 3.33 mm from its seed base.
According to the results of the calculations, it is established that the boundary speed of seed movement of the English ryegrass on sieve with rectangular openings, which makes reciprocating motion in the horizontal plane, should be Vmax= 18…22 mm/s. The value of the kпл glume coefficient almost does not effect the value of boundary speed of seed movement.
References
Antoniv, S. F. (2005). Nasinnytstvo zlakovykh trav. Selektsiia i nasinnytstvo, 11, 7-18.
Arnold, A. E., Kamenir, E. A., & Likhachev, B. S. (1987). Obosnovanie tekhnologicheskoi skhemy razdeleniia semian ovsa. Mekhanizatsiia i elektrifikatsiia selskogo haziaistva, 12, 10-12.
Vasilenko, P. M. (1960). Teoriia dvizheniya chastits po sherokhovatym poverkhnostiam selskokhoiaistvennykh mashin. Kiev: UASHN.
Voitiuk, D. H., Yatsun, S. S., & Dovzhyk, M. Ya. (2008). Silskohospodarski mashyny: osnovy teorii ta rozrakhunku: navch. posib. dlia studеntiv VNZ. Sumy: Univ. kn.
Husiev, V. A., Dudariev I. M., & Tokarchuk M. V. (2019). Ohliad konstruktsii separatoriv sypkykh materialiv. Silskohospodarski mashyny: zb. nauk. statei, 42, 20-28.
Dadak, V. O. (2012). Analiz osnovnykh fizyko-mekhanichnykh vlastyvostei nasinnia bahatorichnykh trav ta yikh zasmichuvachiv. Teoretychni osnovy i praktychni aspekty vykorystannia resursooshchadnykh tekhnolohii dlia pidvyshchennia efektyvnosti ahropromyslovoho vyrobnytstva i rozvytku silskykh terytorii. Lviv: LNAU.
Dadak V. O., (2015). Obgruntuvannia parametriv ta rezhymiv roboty pnevmoseparatora dribnonasinnievykh sumishei: avtoref. dys. … kand. tekhn. nauk. Lviv.
Drincha, V. M. (2006). Issledovanie separatsii semian i razrabotka mashinnykh tekhnologii ikh podgotovki. Voronezh: Izd-vo NPO «MEDOK».
Yermak, V. P., Bohdanov, Ye. V., & Ilchenok, A. A. (2012). Klasyfikatsiia zasobiv separatsii ta konstruktsii mashyn dlia vidboru nasinnia z vysokymy posivnymy vlastyvostiamy. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats Luhanskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu, 35, 127 – 132.
Zaika, P. M. (2006). Teoriia silskohospodarskykh mashyn. Ochystka i sortuvannia nasinnia. Kharkiv: Oko.
Ziulin, A. N. (1977). Issledovanie protsessa separatsii zerna po dline chastits na reshetnom obogatitele k trieru: nauchnyi otchet VIM. Moskva: VIM.
Kovalyshyn, S. Y., & Shvets, O. P. (2017). Otsinka yakosti nasinnia metodom renthenoskopichnoho analizu. Vcheni Lvivskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu vyrobnytstvu: kataloh innovatsiinykh rozrobok, 17, 41.
Kovalyshyn, S. Y., Shvets, O. P., Shchur, T. H., Dadak V. O., & Domaniuk, P. Yu. (2018). Vyznachennia posivnykh yakostei nasinnia silskohospodarskykh kultur metodom yoho renthenoskopii. Tekhnichnyi servis ahropromyslovoho lisovoho ta transportnoho kompleksiv, 12, 294-301.
Kosilov, N. I. (1983). Sostoianie i tendentsii sovershenstvovaniia zernouborochnykh mashin: ucheb. posobie. Chelyabinsk.
Lykhochvor, V. V. (2008). Roslynnytstvo. Tekhnolohii vyroshchuvannia silskohospodarskykh kultur. Lviv: Ukr. tekhnolohii.
DSTU 7160:2010. (2010). Nasinnia ovochevykh, bashtannykh, kormovykh i priano-aromatychnykh kultur. Sortovi ta posivni yakosti. Tekhnichni umovy. Kyiv: Derzhspozhyvstandart Ukrainy.
Petrychenko, V. F. (2008). Tekhnolohii vyroshchuvannia bobovykh i zlakovykh trav na nasinnia. Vinnytsia: In-t kormiv UAAN.
Kyrychenko, V. V. (2012). Posibnyk ukrainskoho khliboroba: nauk.-prakt. shchorichnyk. Selektsiia i nasinnytstvo poliovykh kultur (Vol. 2). Kyiv: Akadempres.
Rybaruk, V. Ya. (1998). Silskohospodarski mashyny: praktykum rozrakhunku i doslidzhen robochykh protsesiv. Lviv: Za vilnu Ukrainu.
Salo, V. M., Luzan, P. H., & Bohatyrov, D. V. (2013). Tekhnichne zabezpechennia pidhotovky zerna do zberihannia: monohrafiia. Kirovohrad: SPD FO Lysenko V.F.
Yampilov, S. S., & Dondokov, Yu. Zh. (1998). Reshetnyi stan zernoochistitelnoi mashinyi. Inform. listok VSTI Buryat. TsNTI, 51.
