Experimental study of the influence of vibration load
Keywords:
vibration impact load, silage and hay compaction, small mechanizationAbstract
Experiments were conducted to analyze the optimal characteristics of a vibro-impact type compactor for tamping hay and silage in the context of a peasant family farm. The goal was to establish the appropriate duration for compacting silage mass under various conditions and operational modes. When loading chopped plant material into silos or hay storage, it is essential to ram the material constantly. This ramming process ensures compaction and ventilation of the crushed mass, allowing for fresh air to circulate and preventing the material from overheating. Excessive temperatures can accelerate biochemical reactions, leading to a decline in feed quality and nutrient loss. To prevent overheating during the filling of storage, intensive tamping is necessary. The aim of this study is to investigate a lightweight, cost-effective, yet powerful and productive vibratory compactor for use in family farms’ silage preparation. The experiments were conducted while preparing hay from grain and fodder crops. The results obtained can be used to characterize the tamping process for traditional silage crops, such as cereals, legumes, and their mixtures. After analyzing the overall results of the experiments, several key findings were established:
- Optimal parameters for a compact vibrator suitable for small storage units have been identified.
- By using a vibration-impact type working body with parameters suitable for production conditions, it is possible to quickly achieve a residual density of the silage mass comparable to the average density found in tower storages during the storage process.
- The silage mass is compacted most efficiently during the first 10 to 30 seconds. This time frame can be considered optimal for tamping in one location using impact-type working bodies.
- In the process of tamping silage made from cereal grasses, a crank radius of 0.03 m, a pusher stroke frequency of 8 Hz, a tamping duration of 10 seconds, and a mechanism weight of 80 kg per square meter of the pusher shoe area resulted in a sample density of 377 kg/m³. This density can also be achieved by applying a static pressure from a load of 1200 kg per square meter over a period of 72 hours.
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