Justification of the technical and economic efficiency of the use of screw working bodies with a brush-like elastic working surface
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31734/agroengineering2022.26.013Abstract
The effectiveness of the developed designs of helical working bodies with elastic surfaces was substantiated. Its technical and economic substantiation was carried out on the basis of the requirement to minimize damage to seed grain materials during transportation. The passage of grain through the screw conveyor causes damage in the range of 1.2...8.6 %. Its repeated passage of the grain through the auger contributes to a significant damage of the grain. When using traditional transshipment augers, the estimated losses of an average farm in Ukraine at the beginning of 2022 amounted to 0.7605 tons, or UAH 5.98 thousand. This paper presents the developed and tested screw working bodies with a brush-like elastic working surface. The designs of these working bodies (with a brush-like element and with the attachment of elastic elements on the end spiral of the auger) and the methods of their manufacture enable preventing these losses.
The following sequence of technological operations is provided for the production of an elastic helical working body with a brush-like element: marking (according to the adopted step) and drilling holes on the helical surface of the hollow shaft; fastening of hollow cylindrical tubes in holes along the helical surface of the hollow shaft; fixing bundles of elastic brush-like elements in hollow cylindrical tubes; fastening on the end surfaces of the hollow pin shaft. The following technological operations are provided for the production of screws with elastic elements attached to the end surface of the spiral: drilling holes with a drill head on the end surface of a dense package wound on the edge of the spiral; calibration of the spiral to a given step; rigid fixation of the spiral with a given step on the surface of the hollow shaft; mechanical fixing in the holes of the end surface of the spiral of elastic elements; fastening on the end surfaces of the hollow pin shaft.
The cost of manufacturing elastic surfaces of helical working bodies (length L = 4 m, diameter D = 96 mm and pitch T = 80 mm) with brush-like elements is UAH 971.03, and with the attachment of elastic elements on the end surface of the spiral is UAH 880.52. Based on the calculations, it can be concluded that a greater economic effect is obtained due to the reduction of grain injury when using helical working bodies with brush-like elements. The calculations show that the annual economic effect for the farm when using screw working bodies with brush-like elements compared to traditional ones is UAH 3,680.08. (as of January 2022) and UAH 3,626.57. when using screw working bodies with fastening of elastic elements on the end surface. Since the productivity of screw working bodies with elastic elements attached to the end surface of the spiral is 1.34...1.5 times higher compared to the auger with a brush-like element, their use can be considered a higher priority.
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