Study of the physical and mechanical properties of Lastivka variety beans
Keywords:
beans, physical and mechanical properties, dimensional indicatorsAbstract
This article focuses on the physical and mechanical properties of beans, which are crucial for their post-harvest processing. All grains undergo mechanical actions such as cleaning, sorting, transportation, storage, and processing, making it essential to understand the technological properties of the grain components (shells and kernels). To design and calculate the equipment for these mechanical operations, one needs to know the force required to break the shell and the kernel. This knowledge helps establish optimal parameters for the working components and is vital for the design of machines and devices used in the processing industry. To address these tasks, a program for experimental research was developed to determine several physical and mechanical properties of the Lastivka variety of beans. This variety is well-regarded in European countries and is commonly cultivated in the western regions of Ukraine. The research focused on measuring mass and dimensional indicators, the force required for destruction, and the modulus of elasticity.
The results indicate that the variations in size and mass of the Lastivka beans are minimal. By calculating the average number of plants per square meter, the number of pods per plant, and the number of grains per pod, one can easily estimate the expected yield of beans. However, the force required to destroy the seeds is relatively high and varies significantly, which can negatively impact processing, cleaning, and transportation. If the operational settings of the equipment are not correctly selected, it may result in the destruction of some seeds.
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