Study of a generator set under the influence of car engine vibrations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31734/agroengineering2022.26.134Keywords:
permanent magnets, independent generator, engine vibration, -board electrical network, generator unitAbstract
The research studies directions of development and advanced requirements to motor vehicles, which significantly affect the pace of business growth in the agricultural sector. It is related with their reliability, productivity, comfort of management and high economic and environmental indices. It has been proven that the above-listed characteristics of cars are significantly (especially in the producing and accumulating energy units) influenced by the energy supply and energy consumption system.
Modern cars basically use direct current power supply systems, with a voltage from 12 to 24 V, which include: a generator, a battery and regulating elements, i.e. voltage regulators. Fuses and various types of relays are used to control and protect the car's on-board electrical network. It is required the generator units (domestic or foreign production) are arranged to give electronic energy (nominal value) back at the minimum revolutions of the engine shaft (850–900 rpm). This process is possible due to an increase in the gear ratio of the belt drive. It has been proven that the increase of the gear ratio above 3 results in shortening of its operational period and increase of the load on the rotating masses of the generator. Coordinated operation of the generator unit with the battery leads to accumulation of electric charge (in different engine operating modes), which is necessary to provide the car's on-board electrical network with a constant stable voltage. It has been studied that insufficient voltage (below 12 V) contributes to undercharging the battery and difficult starting of the engine, and, accordingly, increased voltage – to overcharging and shortening its service life. Moreover, this energy instability has a negative effect on the operation of electronic equipment, electrical appliances, lighting and alarms of a modern car.
Therefore, the authors of the research propose to partially solve the problems of reducing the load on the «generator unit + battery» system of the car's on-board electrical network and, accordingly, to increase the economic and environmental indicators of the engine. It is decided to install an independent generator equipped with permanent magnets, which operates from the vibrations of the internal combustion engine, in the car's on-board electrical network.
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