PRODUCTIVITY OF SUGAR BEET DEPENDING ON THE CALCULATED FERTILIZER NORMS FOR THE PROGRAMMED YIELD ON DARK GREY PODZOLIC SOIL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31734/agronomy2024.28.166Keywords:
sugar beet, fertilizers, yield, qualityAbstract
This study presents the results of examining the effects of calculated fertilizer norms on the anticipated yields of 55, 60, and 65 t/ha of sugar beet of Panda hybrid grown on dark grey podzolic soil in the Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The experimental setup included the following variants: control (without fertilizers); recommended norm for this zone N120P160K170 (1.00 : 1.33 : 1.42); calculated fertilizer norm N173P209K253 (1.00 : 1.21 : 1.46) for a programmed yield of 55 t/ha; calculated fertilizer norm N189P228K276 (1.00 : 1.21 : 1.46) for a programmed yield of 60 t/ha; calculated fertilizer norm N204P247K299 (1.00 : 1.21 : 1.46) for a programmed yield of 65 t/ha.
Approximate correction factors were utilized for the calculations to ensure plants receive the necessary nutrients - nitrogen fertilizers at 0.7, phosphorus fertilizers at 1.0, and potassium fertilizers at 1.0. The average consumption rates of the main nutrients for the formation of 1 ton of crop yield are as follows: N – 4.5 kg, P2O5 – 3.8 kg, K2O – 4.6 kg.
The highest yield of 64.8 t/ha with an increase to the control of 32.1 t/ha, or 98 %, on average over the years of research, was obtained when applying mineral fertilizers at the calculated norm of N205P247K299. When the calculated norm of N189P228K276 was applied, the yield was 60.2 t/ha with an increase of 27.5 t/ha, or 84 %, compared to the control variant. When applying the calculated norm of N173P209K253, the yield was 54.6 t/ha with an increase of 21.9 t/ha, or 67 %, compared to the control variant. When the recommended norm of N120P160K170 was applied, the yield was 48.5 t/ha with an increase of 15.8 t/ha, or 48 %, compared to the control variant. The lowest sugar beet yield of 32.7 t/ha was obtained in the control variant of the experiment – without fertilization.
The highest sugar content of 17.6 % was obtained in the control variant, and its total yield of 10.36 t/ha was obtained with the application of the calculated norm of mineral fertilizers of N205P247K299 for a programmed yield of 65 t/ha. The lowest sugar content was obtained with the calculated norm of N205P247K299 – 16.0 %. In the control variant, the sugar yield was the lowest and amounted to 5.75 t/ha.
The highest net profit of 41771 UAH/ha and a profitability level of 98.6 % was achieved with the application of the calculated norm of N205P247K299.
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