Justification of the disk working body of combined soil tillage and the process of cutting corn plant residues
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31734/agroengineering2022.26.030Keywords:
disk working body, plant residues of corn, theoretical justification, dynamic properties, influence on the cutting process, soilAbstract
The disk working body in the proposed combined method of tilling the soil littered with corn plant residues, which consists of combined technological processes, like cutting and distribution of plant residues, compaction of the compacted mass, grinding of plant residues with soil and leveling of the field surface, performs one of the most important technological processes, i.e. cutting long and rough stems in the interrows, while ensuring more efficient execution of the following processes of the proposed method. Therefore, it is this working body that implements the technological process that it performs, which requires thorough theoretical studies of the impact on the process of cutting plant residues and soil. Theoretical studies of the impact of the disk working body on the process of cutting corn stalk residues have been conducted, in particular, studies of its dynamics and activation of the impact on the soil. The study of the technological process of the impact of the disk working body on the process of cutting plant residues makes it possible to scientifically substantiate its design parameters. In the process of cutting with a disk body, the most important object is the model of plant remains. The primary function is considered to be the impact of the disk working body on the stem and root residues of corn. This effect consists in cutting those stems that fall into the area of action of the knives, as well as in their partial rotation. Such rotation of the stems and the impact of the disk working body on the leaf-stem plant residues significantly changes the function of the distribution of plant residues on the field surface. It has been theoretically proven that transverse vibrations contribute to the collapse of soil macro-aggregates and lead to a decrease in the impact of the aggregate on the soil and an expansion of the cultivation strip. The results of the theoretically justified disk working body were used in the development of a new technology for grinding plant residues of corn and a shredder for its implementation. Further development of studies on the justification of cutting stem residues and disk working bodies, used in combined tillage units for soil cultivation after harvesting corn, was implemented.
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